Shannon mutual information provides a measure of how much information is, on average, contained in a set of neural activities about a set of stimuli. It has been extensively used to study neural coding in different brain areas. To apply a similar approach to investigate single stimulus encoding, the authors need to introduce a quantity specific for a single stimulus.
A scientific paper by Michele Bezzi
Accenture Technology Labs, Sophia Antipolis, France
An article on Expectation Maximization Theory, taken from the book “Biometric Authentication: A Machine Learning Approach”.
The article/book-chapter addresses a data-clustering algorithm, called the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm, when complete or partial information of observed data is made available.
The book is written by M.W. Mak, S.Y. Kung, S.H. Lin. and the sample chapter is provided courtesy of Prentice Hall PTR. / Jan 3, 2005.
The term cluster analysis (first used by Tryon, 1939) encompasses a number of different algorithms and methods for grouping objects of similar kind into respective categories. A general question facing researchers in many areas of inquiry is how to organize observed data into meaningful structures, that is, to develop taxonomies. In other words cluster analysis is an exploratory data analysis tool which aims at sorting different objects into groups in a way that the degree of association between two objects is maximal if they belong to the same group and minimal otherwise. Given the above, cluster analysis can be used to discover structures in data without providing an explanation/interpretation. In other words, cluster analysis simply discovers structures in data without explaining why they exist.
A simple tutorial on clustering & clustering techniques by Statsoft
Multiple electrodes are now a standard tool in neuroscience research that make it possible to study the simultaneous activity of several neurons in a given brain region or across different regions. The data from multi-electrode studies present important analysis challenges that must be resolved for optimal use of these neurophysiological measurements to answer questions about how the brain works.
The authors review statistical methods for the analysis of multiple neural spike-train data and discuss future challenges for methodology research.
Emery N Brown, Robert E Kass & Partha P Mitra
Nature Neuroscience 7, 456 – 461 (2004)
Published online: 27 April 2004; | doi:10.1038/nn1228
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